Dalian precision machining is one of the core technologies in modern manufacturing, and its development level directly affects the performance and quality of products. With the advancement of intelligent manufacturing technology, precision machining is developing towards higher precision, higher efficiency, and greater intelligence. In the future, precision machining will provide strong support for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry under the promotion of new materials, new processes, and new equipment.

The aerospace industry has high requirements for the accuracy and reliability of parts, and precision machining plays an important role in this field. For example, key components such as blades, turbine discs, and combustion chambers of aircraft engines need to be manufactured through precision machining to ensure their performance under special operating conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and high speed.

How to choose the appropriate precision machining process for Dalian?

Choosing the appropriate precision machining process requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors such as the material, structural shape, precision requirements, production efficiency, and cost of the parts. The following is a specific analysis:

Part Material

Metal materials: For aluminum alloys, copper alloys, etc. with lower hardness, conventional processing techniques such as turning and milling can usually meet the requirements and have higher processing efficiency. For alloy steels and quenched steels with higher hardness, grinding, electrical discharge machining and other processes may be required to ensure machining accuracy and surface quality.

Non metallic materials: such as engineering plastics, ceramics, etc. Plastics can generally be processed using milling, drilling, and other processes, while ceramics, due to their high hardness and brittleness, are often processed using special processing techniques such as laser processing and ultrasonic processing.

Part structure shape

Rotating body parts, such as shaft and disc parts, mainly use turning technology. If there are also features such as keyways and splines, milling technology may also be required.

Complex curved parts: such as mold cavities, impellers, etc., are generally processed using CNC milling, machining centers, or five axis linkage machining processes to accurately produce complex curved shapes.

Porous parts: For parts with high-precision hole systems, such as engine cylinder blocks, boring and reaming processes are key to ensuring the dimensional and positional accuracy of the holes.

Accuracy requirements

General accuracy: Parts with a dimensional accuracy of 0.01mm can basically meet the requirements of ordinary CNC machining processes.

High precision: When precision is required to reach the micrometer level or even higher, it is necessary to use precision grinding, polishing, honing and other finishing processes, or use high-precision CNC machine tools for fine machining.

Surface quality requirements

Ordinary surface quality: Ordinary cutting processing can achieve a surface roughness of Ra6.3-Ra1.6 μ m, which can meet the surface quality requirements of most ordinary mechanical parts.

High surface quality: If the surface roughness is required to be below Ra0.8 μ m, it is usually necessary to perform processes such as grinding and polishing to further improve the surface quality.

productivity

Single piece small batch production: using universal machine tools and conventional processing techniques such as ordinary lathes, milling machines, etc., it has the advantages of high flexibility and low cost.

Mass production: In order to improve production efficiency and ensure the stability of processing quality, priority should be given to using highly automated processing equipment and processes, such as CNC machining centers, automatic production lines, etc.

production costs

Equipment cost: Some high-precision and complex processing techniques, such as five axis linkage processing, laser processing, etc., have high equipment purchase and maintenance costs. If the machining accuracy requirements for the parts are not high, there is no need to choose such high cost processes.

Processing cost: Different processing techniques, processing times, and material utilization rates can result in varying costs. For example, although electrical discharge machining can process complex shaped parts, the processing speed is slow and the processing cost is relatively high.

Feasibility and stability of processing technology

Technical difficulty: Some processing techniques require a high level of technical proficiency from operators, such as some special processing techniques. When choosing, it is necessary to consider the technical strength and personnel allocation of the enterprise itself to ensure smooth implementation of processing.

Process stability: Some processes are susceptible to various factors during the machining process, such as vibration and thermal deformation during cutting, which may affect the stability of machining accuracy and quality. We should try to choose processing methods with good process stability to ensure consistency in product quality.

Steel and aluminum alloys are commonly used metal materials with good mechanical processing performance and strength. Titanium alloys are widely used in the aerospace industry due to their high strength and corrosion resistance. Ceramics and plastics are also widely used in precision machining. Ceramics have high hardness, wear resistance, and high temperature resistance, and are commonly used in the manufacture of cutting tools and bearings. Plastic is widely used in electronic devices and medical equipment due to its lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and easy to process characteristics.

The core equipment for precision machining includes CNC machines, coordinate grinders, optical grinders, electrical discharge machining machines, etc. These devices have high rigidity, stability, and precision, and can maintain very small errors during the machining process. For example, the positioning accuracy of modern CNC machine tools can reach ± 0.001mm, and the repeated positioning accuracy can reach ± 0.0005mm.